Hot off the presses! Jun 01 Nat Biotechnol

The Jun 01 issue of the Nat Biotechnol is now up on Pubget (About Nat Biotechnol): if you're at a subscribing institution, just click the link in the latest link at the home page. (Note you'll only be able to get all the PDFs in the issue if your institution subscribes to Pubget.)

Latest Articles Include:

• The genome-assisted barnyard
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):487 (2009)
  In contrast to the slow translation of human genome information into medicine, animal genomics is likely to have a rapid and tangible impact on agriculture.
• Flu vaccine makers upgrade technology—and pray for time
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):489-491 (2009)
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• Taiwan builds biotech runway
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):490 (2009)
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• Profiting from pandemics
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):491 (2009)
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• Boardroom tensions rise as investors push for liquidation
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):492-493 (2009)
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• Still strapped for cash
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):493 (2009)
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• Mixed news for Avastin
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):494 (2009)
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• Ariad's NFkappaB patent claims shot down on appeal
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):494-495 (2009)
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• TNF-blocker triple approval
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):495 (2009)
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• Phase zero launch
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):496 (2009)
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• Pig patent revolt
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):496 (2009)
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• US regulator wades into stem cell therapies for heart disease
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):496-498 (2009)
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• Genzyme takes Campath bet
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):498 (2009)
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• India's first true stem cell trials
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):498 (2009)
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• Vaccine market boosters
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):499-501 (2009)
  Recent commercial success belies conventional wisdom that vaccines are a low-margin, moribund sector. But will the trend continue? Cormac Sheridan investigates.
• Can you hear me in the back?
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):502-503 (2009)
  
• Pharma's role is not to bankroll biotech
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):504 (2009)
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• Conflating MTAs and patents
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):504-505 (2009)
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• Reply to Conflating MTAs and patents
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):505 (2009)
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• First GM trial in Belgium since 2002
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):506 (2009)
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• A European perspective on immunogenicity evaluation
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):507-508 (2009)
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• Reflect: augmented browsing for the life scientist
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):508-510 (2009)
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• Extrapolating from sequence—the 2009 H1N1 'swine' influenza virus
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):510-513 (2009)
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• Science communication reconsidered
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):514-518 (2009)
  As new media proliferate and the public's trust and engagement in science are influenced by industry involvement in academic research, an interdisciplinary workshop provides some recommendations to enhance science communication.
• Strangled at birth? Forest biotech and the Convention on Biological Diversity
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):519-527 (2009)
  Against the Cartagena Protocol and widespread scientific support for a case-by-case approach to regulation, the Convention on Biological Diversity has become a platform for imposing broad restrictions on research and development of all types of transgenic trees.
• Masters of their universe
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):528-530 (2009)
  Nature Biotechnology talks to some of the leading characters behind the Genentech legend.
• Wasting cash—the decline of the British biotech sector
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):531-537 (2009)
  Undercapitalization and overgenerous boardroom compensation for management have been major contributors to the poor performance of UK biotech.
• A day late and a few million dollars short
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):538-541 (2009)
  The pitfalls of seeking and obtaining a patent term extension.
• Recent patent applications in genomic assays
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):542 (2009)
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• Shining light on a new class of hydrogels
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):543-544 (2009)
  Addition of a photodegradable group to the backbone of synthetic hydrogels enables real-time control of the material's chemical and physical properties.
• Cause and express
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):544-545 (2009)
  Biological validation of a cadre of new obesity genes supports the power of studies that exploit 'expression quantitative trait loci'.
• Structure of a multidrug transporter
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):546-547 (2009)
  Crystal structures of a mammalian multidrug efflux pump bound to peptide inhibitors may reveal drug-binding sites.
• Research highlights
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):548 (2009)
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• Proteomic analysis of S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation by resin-assisted capture
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):557-559 (2009)
  We have modified the biotin switch assay for protein S-nitrosothiols (SNOs), using resin-assisted capture (SNO-RAC). Compared with existing methodologies, SNO-RAC requires fewer steps, detects high-mass S-nitrosylated proteins more efficiently, and facilitates identification and quantification of S-nitrosylated sites by mass spectrometry. When combined with iTRAQ labeling, SNO-RAC revealed that intracellular proteins may undergo rapid denitrosylation on a global scale. This methodology is readily adapted to analyzing diverse cysteine-based protein modifications, including S-acylation.
• Genome sequence of the recombinant protein production host Pichia pastoris
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):561-566 (2009)
  The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is widely used for the production of proteins and as a model organism for studying peroxisomal biogenesis and methanol assimilation. P. pastoris strains capable of human-type N-glycosylation are now available, which increases the utility of this organism for biopharmaceutical production. Despite its biotechnological importance, relatively few genetic tools or engineered strains have been generated for P. pastoris. To facilitate progress in these areas, we present the 9.43 Mbp genomic sequence of the GS115 strain of P. pastoris. We also provide manually curated annotation for its 5,313 protein-coding genes.
• Efficient siRNA delivery into primary cells by a peptide transduction domain–dsRNA binding domain fusion protein
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):567-571 (2009)
  RNA interference (RNAi) induced by short interfering RNA (siRNA) allows for discovery research and large-scale screening1, 2, 3, 4, 5; however, owing to their size and anionic charge, siRNAs do not readily enter cells4, 5. Current approaches do not deliver siRNAs into a high percentage of primary cells without cytotoxicity. Here we report an efficient siRNA delivery approach that uses a peptide transduction domain–double-stranded RNA-binding domain (PTD-DRBD) fusion protein. DRBDs bind to siRNAs with high avidity, masking the siRNA's negative charge and allowing PTD-mediated cellular uptake. PTD-DRBD–delivered siRNA induced rapid RNAi in a large percentage of various primary and transformed cells, including T cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human embryonic stem cells. We observed no cytotoxicity, minimal off-target transcriptional changes and no induction of innate immune responses. Thus, PTD-DRBD–mediated siRNA delivery allows efficient gene si! lencing in difficult-to-transfect primary cell types.
• MicroRNA-mediated species-specific attenuation of influenza A virus
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):572-576 (2009)
  Influenza A virus leads to yearly epidemics and sporadic pandemics. Present prophylactic strategies focus on egg-grown, live, attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs), in which attenuation is generated by conferring temperature sensitivity onto the virus. Here we describe an alternative approach to attenuating influenza A virus based on microRNA-mediated gene silencing. By incorporating nonavian microRNA response elements (MREs) into the open-reading frame of the viral nucleoprotein, we generate reassortant LAIVs for H1N1 and H5N1 that are attenuated in mice but not in eggs. MRE-based LAIVs show a greater than two-log reduction in mortality compared with control viruses lacking MREs and elicit a diverse antibody response. This approach might be combined with existing LAIVs to increase attenuation and improve vaccine safety.
• Career interrupted
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):577 (2009)
  A sound game plan can help you roll with the punches in uncertain times.
• People
  - Nat Biotechnol 27(6):578 (2009)
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